molecularsciences.org

Cloud refers to hosted services over the Internet. For example, Google Drive and GoogleDocs are cloud services. Google Drive allows you to save your files on their hardware. GoogleDocs is a collection of software (word processor, spreadsheet, etc.) hosted on Google's servers. The software resided on Google's hardware and uses their memory and CPU. You access it through the Internet. The are three category of cloud services:

Unit testing functionality is built into Python3. Following is a very simple example:

def Arithmetic(a)
    return a * a

Save this file as mycode.py. Save the following code as mycode_unittest.py

Variables

See the following program. Save as datatype.py:

a = 100    # integer
b = 1.23   # float
c = "python"    # string

# print variables
print(a)
print(b)
print(c)

# convert int to float
print(float(100))         

# convert float to int
print(int(3.14))

# convert string to int
d = "12"
e = "12.3"
print(int(d))
# print(int(e)) - this will generate an error

# convert string to float
print(float(d))
print(float(e))

# convert int to string
f = str(12)
print(type(f))

To run

This page shows how to work with text files using Python3 code. Following is a sample txt file we will be using. Lets called it stocks.txt

bce.to
hnd.to 
mtl.to

Reading from File

You can use read(), readline(), or readlines() function to read from a file. This example uses read()

stocks = open("data/stocks.txt","r")
stocks.read()
stocks.close()

output:

'bce.to\nhnd.to\nmtl.to'

Using readline():

Get Current Date

import datetime as dt
now = dt.datetime.now()
print(now.year)
print(now.month)
print(now.day)

Download File from Internet

import urllib.request
url = 'http://molecularsciences.org'
response = urllib.request.urlopen(url)
mydata = response.read()
mytext = text.decode('utf-8')
print(mytext)

Hive is an SQL language that processes and analyzes data in Hadoop. It does not require knowledge of any programming language. Hive is not suitable for OLTP, it is designed for analyzing big data.

Hadoop in not a database, it is an ecosystem of tools that enables the features we require and desire when dealing with big data. Hadoop runs on HDFS and its native language is MapReduce. Hive converts your SQL commands to MapReduce. Hive also supports workflow integration with other tools such as Excel or Cognos.

Spark a distributed computing platform that is built on top of Hadoop MapReduce. It extends the MapReduce model and make it easier to code and faster to execute.

Spark provides API in Java, Scala, and Python. Any of these languages can be used to create Spark applications.

Spark supports, Map, Reduce, SQL queries, streaming data, machine learning algorithms, and graph algorithms.

Spark stack contains:

When planning for a data science project, you need to spend to seek clarification about the project. The important questions are:

• What are the goals of the project?
• What resources are required for this project?
  • data
  • software
  • personnel
• Are there any important deadlines?
• Who are the stakeholders?

Once you have sufficiently gained clarity on your project: